Postwar postcard map of the Balkans including Albania, newly-created Yugoslavia, expanded Romania, and diminished former Central Powers Bulgaria and Turkey. The first acquisitions of Greece in its war against Turkey are seen in Europe where it advanced almost to Constantinople, in the Aegean Islands from Samos to Rhodes, and on the Turkish mainland from its base in Smyrna. The Greco-Turkish war was fought from May 1919 to 1922. The positions shown held from the war's beginning to the summer of 1920 when Greece advanced eastward. Newly independent Hungary and Ukraine appear in the northwest and northeast.
Péninsule des BalkansÉchelle 1:12.000.000Petit Atlas de Poche Universel25 Édition Jeheber GenèveReverse:No. 20 Édition Jeheber, Genève (Suisse)BalkansRoumanie(Royaume.)Superficie . . . 290 000 sq. km.Population . . . 16 000 000 hab. (50 par sq. km.Capitale: Bucarest . . . 338 000 hab.Bulgarie(Royaume.)Superficie . . . 100 000 sq. km.Population . . . 4 000 000 hab. (40 par sq. km.)Capitale: Sofia . . . 103 000 hab.Grèce(Royaume. Capitale: Athènes.)En Europe (y compris la Crète et les iles) 200 000 sq. km. 6 000 000 hab. 30 p. sq. km.En Asie mineure . . . 30 000 sq. km 1 300 000 hab. 43 p. sq. km.Total 230 000 sq. km. 7 300 000 hab. 32 p. sq. km.Ville de plus de 50 000 habitants:Smyrne (Asie) . . . 350 000 hab.Athènes . . . 175 000 hab.Salonique . . . 150 000Andrinople . . . 70 000 hab.Pirée . . . 70 000 hab.Turquie d'Europe(Empire Ottoman.)Superficie . . . 2 000 sq. km.Population . . . 1 100 000 550 par sq. km.Capitale: Constantinople 1 000 000 hab.AlbanieSuperficie . . . 30 000 sq. km.Population . . . 800 000 hab. (27 par sq. km.)Villes: Scutari . . . 30 000 hab.Durazzo . . . 5 000 hab.YougoslavieVoir le tableau des statisques de ce pays, ainsi que la carte de la partie occidentale de la Yougoslavie, sur la carte d'Italie.Inst. Géog. Kummerly & Frey, Berne.Balkan PeninsulaScale 1: 12,000,000Little Univeral Pocket AtlasRoyaume - KingdomSuperficie - AreaEn Europe (y compris la Crète et les iles) - In Europe (including Crete and the islands)En Asie mineure - In Asia MinorYugoslaviaSee the table of statistics of this country, as well as the map of the western part of Yugoslavia, on the map of Italy.
The Balkans, named for the Balkan mountains, roughly consists of Bosnia-Herzogovina, Serbia, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, and European Turkey. Eastern Romania, on the Black Sea, is in the Balkans.In the First Balkan War (October 8, 1912 to May 30, 1913) Greece, Bulgaria, Montenegro, and Serbia united against Turkey, defeating it, and shrinking its foothold in Europe. Montenegro expanded to the east. Bulgaria expanded southward into Macedonia and Western Thrace. Serbia gained significant territory and population to its south. Greece expanded north into Macedonia and added the island of Crete.The Treaty of London ended the war and confirmed the independence Albania had declared on November 28, 1912. Imposed by the Great Powers, the Treaty of London satisfied few of the victors. Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece lost Albanian territory they had occupied. Unwilling to give up more, Serbia refused to honor a secret pre-war agreement with Bulgaria on the division of Macedonia. Concerned about the country's intentions, Serbia and Greece signed a defensive pact against Bulgaria.Border skirmishes in early June 1913 were followed by Bulgarian offensives against Serbia and Greece on June 29. On July 10, Romania declared war on Bulgaria, attacking the Bulgarian rear from the north. On July 12, Turkey crossed into territory it had lost to Bulgaria in the first war.As Romania threatened its capital of Sofia, Bulgaria agreed to negotiate. Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Romania signed the Treaty of Bucharest on August 10. Bulgaria and Turkey separately signed the Treaty of Constantinople on September 30.Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of the German Empire from 1871 to 1890, famously said, "One day the great European War will come out of some damned foolish thing in the Balkans."
The Balkans is a region in Europe.
