Zweibund — the Dual Alliance — Germany and Austria-Hungary united, were the core of the Central Powers, and here join hands. The bars of Germany's flag border the top left, and those of the Habsburg Austrian Empire and ruling house the bottom right.
Schulter an SchulterUntrennbar vereintin Freud und in Leid!'Shoulder to shoulderInseparably united in joy and in sorrow!
"In Poland the operations of the Russian army are developing successfully (1) between the Vistula and the Warta, in and around Leczyca; (2) in South-western Poland between Czestochova and Cracow.In Galicia, the Russians are still making progress across the Carpathians.In East Prussia they are approaching the Gumbinne-Angerburg front, where the German line is strongly fortified.. . . . [General de Laguiche concluded] 'The enemy's retreat is voluntary, without letting himself be held and without being touched in his vitals. This enemy may therefore appear again. What is the motive behind this retirement? It is a question we should put to ourselves, if we are to be prepared against surprise and not embarrassed in the execution of our own plans.'"
Entry from the memoirs of Maurice Paléologue, French Ambassador to Russia, for Sunday, November 15, 1914. The reports from Poland, Galicia, and East Prussia are Paléologue's summaries of Russia's successful counter-offensive against the German-Austro-Hungarian offensive of September and October. General de Laguiche, the French Military Attaché in Petrograd, had just returned from surveying the Russian front lines advancing in Poland. As he reported, the German retreat had been orderly, and German forces had already begun their counter-attack, something the Russian high command was just becoming aware of.
An Ambassador's Memoirs Vol. II by Maurice Paléologue, pp. 187, 188, publisher: George H. Doran Company
1914-11-15, November, 1915, Paleologue, Paléologue
