Zweibund — the Dual Alliance — Germany and Austria-Hungary united, were the core of the Central Powers, and here join hands. The bars of Germany's flag border the top left, and those of the Habsburg Austrian Empire and ruling house the bottom right.
Schulter an SchulterUntrennbar vereintin Freud und in Leid!'Shoulder to shoulderInseparably united in joy and in sorrow!
"Farther north [of Lemberg], the Russian drive against Kovel had resulted in appalling losses to the Czar's troops during September. The Russians threw themselves recklessly against the Austro-German line, but wave upon wave they were annihilated. On September 6th [1916] the Russians attacked on a twelve-mile front west of Lutsk, but could not bend the Austrian line. Again on October 2d, they tried to batter their way through to Kovel, making no less than 17 attacks on one point of the line, but without material gains. The assaults gradually slowed down during November, the Austrians holding their positions firmly."
Russian General Aleksei Brusilov continued the offensive he had mounted so successfully on June 4, 1916, but with diminishing gains and at increasing cost. He continued to slowly advance in Galicia, the location of Austria-Hungary's fortress city of Lemberg; both Kovel and Lutsk were in Polish Russia.
King's Complete History of the World War by W.C. King, page 230, copyright © 1922, by W.C. King, publisher: The History Associates, publication date: 1922
1916-09-06, 1916, September, Kovel, Lutsk, Russian Front
