A map of the Russian-Turkish front from Der Weltkrieg 1914-1918, a 1930s German history of the war illustrated with hand-pasted cigarette cards, showing the Turkish Empire in Asia Minor and Mesopotamia, the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas and the Persian Gulf. To the west is Egypt, a British dominion; to the east Persia. Erzerum in Turkey and Kars in Russia were the great fortresses on the frontier.

Mittelmeer: Mediterranean Sea

Schwarzes M: Black Sea

Kasp. M.: Caspian Sea

Kleinasien: Asia Minor

Türkei: Turkey

Russland: Russia

Mesopot.: Mesopotamia

Persien: Persia

Agypten: Egypt

Kairo: Cairo



Stellungen der: Positions of the

Türken Jan. 1915. . .August 1916

Russen Mai 1915 . . . Frühjahr 1916

Engländer: November 1914 . . . Ende 1917

Herbst 1918



Positions of the

Turks Jan. 1915 . . . August 1916

Russians May 1915 . . . spring 1916

English: November 1914 . . . the end of 1917

autumn 1918

Other views: Larger, Larger

Also Irak-arabi or Irakarabi.

The Tigris and Euphrates sources are in the Taurus Mountains in Turkey. Having left the mountains, they diverge and re-converge, both running southeasterly, forming the Tigris-Euphrates watershed paralleling the Zagros Mountains before reaching the head of the Persian Gulf.

Site of the Mesopotamian campaign, the watershed was bounded to the east by neutral Persia and the Zagros Mountains, and to the west by the Syrian or Arabian Desert. The source of the Tigris is in the northern Zagros mountains, north of Lake Van. It flows west-southwest, and then turns to the southeast coming out of the mountains. The Euphrates begins in the Taurus Mountains north and west of the source of the Tigris, and follows a more circuitous route to the west, then south, before turning to the southeast, and converging with the Tigris at Qurna. From the confluence at Qurna, the Shat el-Arab flows to the Persian Gulf.

Mesopotamia is a region in Ottoman Empire.

Some places in Mesopotamia (1)

Click to View	Location Type
Baghdad	City

Some books about Mesopotamia (1)

Title	Author Last Name	Author First Name
Eden to Armageddon: World War I in the Middle East	Ford	Roger