From The Great War magazine, Part 34: Map of the Turkish invasion of Russia in the Caucasus at the end of 1914, ending in defeat at the Battle of Sarikamish.
The Turkish invasion of the CaucasusKey map of the passes by which the Turkish forces invaded Russian territory. They suffered utter rout at Sarykamysch (or Sarykamish), and at Ardahan.
"On January 14 [1916] an unexpected Russian offensive began against the center of the Third [Turkish] Army. . . .The Turks withdrew at first to the nearby mountains to the east and northeast of Erzerum. The first Russian attack against the field fortifications of Erzerum failed; another from the northeast was successful. Erzerum fell February 15. To the west of Erzerum a Turkish division was surprised and destroyed."
Excerpt from the memoirs of German General Otto Liman von Sanders who led a 1913 mission to Turkey to reorganize and train its army. In 1915, he was given command of Turkish forces on the Gallipoli peninsula after the Allied naval assault in the Dardanelles. According to other writers, some of the outer forts of the fortified city of Erzerum fell on the 15th, but the city fell a couple of days later, after the date Sanders recorded.
Five Years in Turkey by Liman von Sanders, page 124, publisher: The Battery Press with War and Peace Books, publication date: 1928 (originally)
1916-02-15, 1916, February,
